Hierarchical Bayesian approach for population dynamics modelling of fish complexes without species-specific data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jiao  Yan; Hayes  Christopher; Cortes  Enric 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2009,66(2):367-377

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海洋鱼类分子系统地理学研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高天翔  任桂静  刘进贤  肖永双 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(5)

简要叙述了分子系统地理学的发展简史、研究内容,重点介绍了Avise的5种物种分布模式及中性溯祖理论。并回顾了近年来分子系统地理学的研究进展及其在海洋鱼类研究中的应用,最后对海洋鱼类分子系统地理学研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in community composition and trophic structure of fish populations of five salt marshes along the Essex coastline, United Kingdom     

Benjamin C. Green  David J. Smith  Sarah E. Earley  Leanne J. Hepburn  Graham J.C. Underwood 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):247-256

European intertidal salt marshes are important nursery sites for juvenile fish and crustaceans. Due to the increasing threat of habitat loss, the seasonal changes of salt marsh fish communities need to be understood in order to appreciate the ecological and economic importance of the saltmarsh habitat. This study was the first in Great Britain to investigate the seasonal changes of salt marsh fish communities and the variation in community structure between closely located marsh habitats. Between February 2007 and March 2008, five marshes on three estuaries of the Essex coastline were sampled using flume nets to block off intertidal creeks at high tide. Fourteen fish species were caught. The community overall was dominated by three species that made up 91.6% of the total catch: the common goby Pomatoschistus microps (46.2% of the total catch), juvenile herring Clupea harengus (24.3%), and juvenile and larval sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (21.2%). Cluster analysis demonstrated clear seasonal patterns, with some community structures unique to specific marshes or estuaries. The marsh fish community shifts from a highly diverse community during spring, to a community dominated by D. labrax and P. microps in autumn, and low diversity during winter months. Gravimetric stomach content analysis of fish community identified three main trophic guilds; macroinvertivores, planktivores and omnivores. The macroinvertivore feeding guild contained D. labrax and P. microps, the two most frequently occurring species. This investigation demonstrates the importance of British salt marshes as nursery habitats for commercial fish species.  相似文献   

Distribution and spatial variation of hydrothermal faunal assemblages at Lucky Strike (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) revealed by high-resolution video image analysis     

Daphne Cuvelier  Joze Sarrazin  Ana Colao  Jon Copley  Daniel Desbruyres  Adrian G. Glover  Paul Tyler  Ricardo Serro Santos 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2009,56(11):2026-2040

Whilst the fauna inhabiting hydrothermal vent structures in the Atlantic Ocean is reasonably well known, less is understood about the spatial distributions of the fauna in relation to abiotic and biotic factors. In this study, a major active hydrothermal edifice (Eiffel Tower, at 1690 m depth) on the Lucky Strike vent field (Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR)) was investigated. Video transects were carried out by ROV Victor 6000 and complete image coverage was acquired. Four distinct assemblages, ranging from dense larger-sized Bathymodiolus mussel beds to smaller-sized mussel clumps and alvinocaridid shrimps, and two types of substrata were defined based on high definition photographs and video imagery. To evaluate spatial variation, faunal distribution was mapped in three dimensions. A high degree of patchiness characterizes this 11 m high sulfide structure. The differences observed in assemblage and substratum distribution were related to habitat characteristics (fluid exits, depth and structure orientation). Gradients in community structure were observed, which coincided with an increasing distance from the fluid exits. A biological zonation model for the Eiffel Tower edifice was created in which faunal composition and distribution can be visually explained by the presence/absence of fluid exits.  相似文献   

6种鱼类肌肉组织肌苷酸的检测分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘旭  王军  张纹  杜佳莹  苏永全 《海洋科学》2008,32(2):22-24

采用高效液相色谱技术,在国内首次测定了条纹斑竹鲨(Chilocsyllium plagiosum)、大黄鱼(Pseudosci-aena crocea)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)、青石斑鱼(Epinephelus awoara)、牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)和乌塘鳢(Bostrichthys sinensis)等6种鱼类新鲜和冻存肌肉组织中肌苷酸含量。结果表明:(1)不同鱼类肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比不同,牙鲆新鲜肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比最高,为4.214 mg/g,其余5种鱼类为2.365~3.634 mg/g。(2)10 d冻存试验中,经-70℃超低温冻存,6种鱼类冻存肌肉组织中肌苷酸质量比均高于新鲜肌肉组织,大黄鱼肌肉组织冻存1 d肌苷酸质量比达最大值,鳜肌肉组织冻存10 d肌苷酸质量比呈上升态势未出现最大值,其余5种鱼类肌肉组织肌苷酸质量比均在冻存第5天达到最大值。长时间的冻存将会降低食用鱼肉中肌苷酸质量比,导致鲜味下降,但经1周左右短时间的冻存后可明显提高鱼肉中肌苷酸质量比,增加鲜味,提高食用价值。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal patterns of seagrass habitat use by fishes at the Ryukyu Islands,Japan     

Yohei Nakamura  Makoto Tsuchiya 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008

To investigate whether or not regional–temporal patterns of seagrass habitat use by fishes existed at the Ryukyu Islands (southern Japan), visual surveys were conducted in seagrass beds and adjacent coral reefs in northern, central, and southern Ryukyu Islands, in November 2004, and May, August, and November 2005, the northern region having less extensive seagrass beds compared with the central and southern regions. During the study period, the seagrass beds were utilized primarily by 31 species, the densities of some of the latter differing significantly among regions. With the exception of Apogonidae and Holocentridae, all species were diurnal and could be divided into 6 groups based on seagrass habitat use patterns; (1) permanent residents A (10 species, e.g. Stethojulis strigiventer), juveniles and adults living in seagrass beds as well as other habitats; (2) permanent residents B (5 species, e.g. Calotomus spinidens), juveniles and adults living only or mainly in seagrass beds; (3) seasonal residents A (4 species, e.g. Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus), juveniles living in seagrass beds as well as other habitats; (4) seasonal residents B (6 species, e.g. Lethrinus atkinsoni), juveniles living only or mainly in seagrass beds; (5) transients (5 species, e.g. Parupeneus indicus), occurring in seagrass beds in the course of foraging over a variety of habitats; and (6) casual species (1 species, Acanthurus blochii), occurring only occasionally in seagrass beds. Regarding temporal differences, juvenile densities in each group were high in May and August compared with November in each region, whereas adult densities did not differ drastically in each month. For regional differences, juvenile and adult densities of permanent residents A and B were higher in the southern and central regions than in the northern region. Moreover, some seasonal residents showed possible ontogenetic habitat shift from seagrass beds to coral reefs in each region. These results indicated that seagrass habitat use patterns by fishes changed temporally and regionally and there may be habitat connectivity between seagrass beds and coral reefs via ontogenetic migration in the Ryukyu Islands.  相似文献   

北方草原区主要群落类型表土花粉分析   总被引：38，自引：2，他引：36  

许清海  李月丛  阳小兰  郑振华 《地理研究》2005,24(3):394-402

建立花粉与现代植被的关系是利用地层沉积物中的花粉记录恢复古植被、古气候研究的基础工作之一。中国北方草原区39个表土花粉研究表明,蒿属、藜科是草原区花粉组合的主要成分,以禾本科为建群种的草原群落花粉组合以蒿属花粉为主,禾本科花粉多低于10%。禾本科花粉的低代表性可能与其分蘖繁殖、花粉产量低有关。草原区表土花粉浓度与植被盖度相关不明显。典型草原与荒漠草原花粉组合存在着明显的区别,典型草原区藜科花粉百分比一般低于25%,荒漠草原区一般高于25%。DCA分析表明,草原区针叶树、莎草科、石竹科花粉代表较湿润的环境,蒿、藜科、锦鸡儿、柽柳、白刺花粉代表较干燥的环境,阔叶树、禾本科、菊科、毛茛科、蓼科、豆科、唇形科(百里香)、虎榛子+榛、蔷薇科花粉代表的环境介于前两组之间。DCA分析用于草原区花粉组合研究具有较好的环境指示意义。  相似文献   

晋冀低山丘陵区人工扰动植被花粉组合特征          下载免费PDF全文

李洁  许清海  曹现勇  田芳  丁伟  梁剑 《古地理学报》2014,16(2):227-238

54个晋冀低山丘陵区人工和人工扰动植被表土花粉样品分析表明:花粉组合以草本植物花粉(74.5％)为主,乔木花粉含量低于20％。人类活动较强的农田以谷物禾本科、蒿属和藜科花粉为主,人类活动较弱的荒地以蒿属、藜科和杂草禾本科花粉为主。人类活动强度不同,指示种不同,孢粉浓度亦不同;农田指示种为谷物禾本科、葡萄科和胡桃科,孢粉浓度约4380粒/g;而蒿属、蓼科和蔷薇科则为荒地指示种,孢粉浓度约10983粒/g。农作物种植方式不同,谷物禾本科花粉含量不同,单一禾本科作物种植区谷物禾本科花粉含量(40.2％)高于多种作物混作区(18.8％)和荒地(3.8％)的含量。谷物禾本科含量的变化可以为利用化石花粉提取和检测人类活动信息提供依据,也可为利用地层中谷物禾本科花粉判断古代农业活动提供依据。  相似文献   

Fossil midge associations and the historical status of fish in acidified lakes     

M. G. Johnson  J. R. M. Kelso  O. C. McNeil  W. B. Morton 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1990,3(2):113-127

Chaoborid and chironomid (Diptera) fossils were examined in sediment cores form nine Ontario Precambrian Shield lakes that were fishless in 1979. An abundance of Chaoborus americamus (intolerant of predation by fish) throughout cores from four lakes indicated that they were fishless historically. Occurrence of Chaoborus punctipennis and C. flavicans and absence of C. americanus in cores, except near the surface in two cases, indicated that four other lakes were inhabited by fish historically. One of these was probably periodically fishless as suggested by fluctuations among these Chaoborus species. The ninth lake was not suitable for Chaoborus; only one specimen of C. trivittatus was found in this core. Chironomid fossil associations were substantially different in historically fishless and inhabited lakes. Fishless lakes had chironomids typical of eutrophic conditions indicating that seasonal oxygen depletion likely was inimical to fish. Chironomid associations of oligotrophic waters occurred in lakes historically inhabited by fish. Both good water quality and accessibility were required for long-term habitation by fish. Partial recovery of alkalinity and rise in pH were accompanied by substantial re-invasion by fish in two lakes which had been inhabited historically by fish. Diptera associations provide valuable information on the historical suitability of lakes for fish and the presence/absence of fish in regions where acidification of surface waters has occurred.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF FISH OIL,DHA OIL AND LECITIHIN IN MICROPARTICULATE DIETS ON STRESS TOLERANCE OF LARVAL GILTHEAD SEABREAM（SPARUS AURATA）     

刘镜恪王文琪  李岿然雷霁霖 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2002,20(4):338-343

The effects of natural fish oil,DHA oil and soybean lecithin in microparticulate diets on stress tolerance of larval gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)were investigated after 15 days feeding trials.The tolerance of larval gilthead seabream to various stress factors such as exposure to air(lack of dissolved oxygen),changes in water temperature(low)and salinity(high) were determined.This study showed that microparticulate diet with natural fish oil and soybean lecithin was the most effective for in-creasing the tolerance of larval gilthead seabream to various stresses,and that microparticulate diet with natural fish oil and palmitic acid(16:0)was more effective than microparticulate diet with DHA oil and soybean lecithin.  相似文献